Bulgaria’s civil society has much anticipated a key judgment by the CJEU as concerns over the entrenched capture and politicization of the Inspectorate with the Supreme Judicial Council (JI) continue to cast doubts about judicial independence and accountability in the country. Regrettably, however, the highly formalist ruling will hardly make a difference.
In its latest decisions following major policy shifts at Meta, the Oversight Board appears to be moving toward a more permissive approach to harmful or discriminatory content. This post argues that such a trend could reshape the boundaries of acceptable speech online and raises pressing questions about the Board’s independence and role in an increasingly politicised content governance landscape.
Law, Order, and the Federal Admission Programme for Afghanistan
Recht, Ordnung und das Bundesaufnahmeprogramm Afghanistan
The remarkable yet tragic victory of the Syrian revolution reached its turning point on December 7, 2024. Unlike the coups of the 1950s and 60s, whose leaders immediately sought legal legitimacy, the current de facto ruler, Ahmad al-Sharaa, has declared a five-year transitional period under a temporary Constitutional Declaration. While it formally guarantees equality, the Declaration omits fundamental democratic safeguards and fails to ensure the separation of powers - entrenching a system of self-referential authority and executive dominance that mirrors the authoritarian dynamics of the past.
In den aus Weimar übernommenen religionsverfassungsrechtlichen Vorschriften des Grundgesetzes schlummert seit jeher der Verfassungsauftrag, die Staatsleistungen an die Religionsgesellschaften abzulösen, also durch eine Entschädigungszahlung aufzuheben. Dieser Auftrag blieb auch in der 20. Wahlperiode unerfüllt. Dafür ist eine spezifische politische und föderale Interessenkonstellation in der Bundesrepublik verantwortlich. Art. 138 Abs. 1 WRV ist dadurch bis heute „kaltgestellt“, wofür aber hinreichende Lösungsmöglichkeiten bereitstehen.
On April 14, 2025, the Hungarian parliament passed the 15th Amendment to the Fundamental Law, triggering mass protest across Budapest. Amongst its most far-reaching provisions is the constitutional entrenchment of binary sex. Read alongside a reworded Article XVI, which affirms that “every child has the right to the protection and care necessary for his or her proper physical, mental, and moral development”, these provisions establish a new hierarchy of fundamental rights, placing child protection above all others, including the right to peaceful assembly. These changes may now lend formal constitutional legitimacy to discriminatory legislation seeking to ban Pride Parades.
Heute vor 50 Jahren fällte das Bundesverfassungsgericht seinen berühmten Radikalenbeschluss. Die Entscheidung drehte sich um die Frage, ob und wie der Staat gegen potenziell verfassungsfeindliche Beamt*innen bzw. Bewerber*innen für den Staatsdienst vorgehen kann. Sie ist bis heute prägend. Der Jahrestag bietet Anlass, die Entscheidung mit Blick auf ihre Aktualität kritisch zu hinterfragen.
Fears are spreading that Italy, too, may be joining the club of EU Member States dismantling the rule of law. In this post, I will discuss three episodes that indeed lay bare a set of enduring constitutional tensions: the “Striano gate”; the “Paragon affair”; and the enactment of a Security Decree. While the actors involved are not the same in each story, the constitutional stakes are analogous: the proper use of coercive powers in a democracy and the traditional dichotomy between freedom and state authority. So, are we witnessing early signs of democratic regression?
The first round of Poland’s presidential election has produced an inconclusive but politically charged outcome. With no candidate achieving an absolute majority, the second round will determine who succeeds Andrzej Duda in the Presidential Palace. This election marks yet another critical moment for Poland. In the short term, its outcome will be pivotal for the current government to deliver on promises concerning the rule of law, the judiciary, and more. In the longer term, winning the presidential race is a strategic stepping stone towards consolidating or reclaiming power.
13. September 2025
Giovanni Capoccia
12. September 2025
Anne Peters
12. September 2025
Anne Peters