Articles for category: Focus

Mit der Spree verhandeln

Die Mediation greift im Gegensatz zur gerichtlichen Konfliktlösung auf eine jüngere Historie und weniger Praxisfälle zurück. Dennoch hat sie der gerichtlichen Konfliktlösung einen wesentlichen – und angesichts der rasant voranschreitenden Umweltzerstörung vielleicht sogar entscheidenden – Aspekt voraus: Mediation kann Ökologie. Sie ist ein Konfliktlösungsverfahren, das in seiner konsequenten Anwendung originär zur Erhaltung der Lebensgrundlage beiträgt. Denn die Mediation, die als Verfahrensziel den Interessenausgleich der Konfliktbeteiligten anstrebt, weiß um die Notwendigkeit der Beteiligung aller vom Konflikt Betroffenen für die Gewährleistung einer ökologisch nachhaltigen Konfliktlösung. Damit hat sie eben nicht nur die menschliche Spezies, sondern auch die Tier- und Umwelt im Blick.

16. Juni 2023

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The GDPR’s Journalistic Exemption and its Side Effects

On 25 May 2023, we mark the fifth anniversary of the General Data Protection Regulation’s (GDPR) full application in the European Union (EU). While the Regulation is primarily known for its impact on business, it also fostered significant changes to data processing by media outlets, which are often overlooked in discussions about data protection. This blog post analyzes what is commonly called the ”journalistic exemption” under Article 85 of the GDPR that requires Member States to regulate the extent to which GDPR applies to journalists and others writing in the public interest. Further, this contribution reflects on how exactly that journalistic exemption is implemented across the Member States, and considers the problematic consequences of the GDPR’s uneven application to the media sector, including instrumentalization of GDPR in the strategic litigation (SLAPPs) against journalists.

16. Juni 2023

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Rechtsfortbildung in Zeiten planetarer Krisen

Nicht nur der Klimawandel, auch der immense Verlust der Artenvielfalt und die globale Umweltverschmutzung haben sich aus ihren fachspezifischen Nischen in das Zentrum der medialen und gesellschaftlichen Aufmerksamkeit bewegt. Kaum ein Tag vergeht, an dem uns aktuelle Nachrichten nicht an die großen planetaren Krisen - oder noch treffender, wie viele meinen: Katastrophen – erinnern. Es verwundert daher nicht, dass diese globalen Herausforderungen auch im Fokus des Forums Junges Nachhaltigkeitsrechts stehen, welches vom 16. bis 17. Juni an der Martin-Luther-Universität in Halle (Saale) seine zweite Jahrestagung abhält. Welche potentiellen Lösungen das Nachhaltigkeitsrecht in Theorie und Praxis bereithält, werden wir in den folgenden Tagen nicht nur in Halle (Saale), sondern auch im Rahmen dieser Verfassungsblog-Debatte zur Diskussion stellen.

16. Juni 2023

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SLAPPs, Daphne’s Law, and the Future of Journalism

Media freedom has many dimensions. Whereas the EMFA deals directly with media oversight bodies and the likes, the proposed anti-SLAPP (strategic lawsuits against public participation) directive weighs into a more niche but crucially important topic: the silencing of journalists through bogus litigation. Such bogus litigation - or SLAPPS - does not intend to „win” cases but to slowly but steadily dry out journalists financially, emotionally, and socially. Currently, the Council of the European Union and the European Union Parliament are working on their proposals of the directive. It is crucial that the Commission’s proposal will not be watered down.

15. Juni 2023

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Interaction Without Affection?

The EU's legislative activity in the area of media and platform regulation is currently unfolding at an unprecedented pace. The thematically broad EMFA builds in many places on recently adopted legal acts whose interpretation is still unclear. This leads to parallelisms and overlaps as well as unclear and convoluted references, which can only be briefly outlined here and should be clarified in the trilogue negotiations.

15. Juni 2023

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EMFA and its Uphill Battle for Media Freedom and Democracy in the EU

The European Media Freedom Act, primarily designed to safeguard the EU media market, can also serve as an important tool in preserving the rule of law in member states such as Hungary and Poland, that have experienced an alarming assault on media freedom and pluralism in the past decade. This contribution critically evaluates the potential of the proposed European Media Freedom Act (EMFA) for addressing the ongoing issues in media freedom in Poland and Hungary.

14. Juni 2023

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Function Follows Form

Die Idee, dass die Form eines Artefaktes nach dessen Funktion gestaltet werden müsse, ist seit dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts eine zentrale Design-Maxime: Form follows function. Wo die Formen sich aber verändern, zum Beispiel, weil sich ein Produkt neu in digitaler Form erstellen lässt, muss die Frage erlaubt sein, ob es nicht noch andere als seine bisherigen Funktionen erfüllen kann. Menschen sind aber besser darin, aus der Funktion Formen abzuleiten, als aus Formen Funktionen. Daher lohnt es sich, die Frage nach alternativen Funktionen ganz gezielt zu stellen. Wir wollen das nachfolgend für das Produkt der rechtswissenschaftlichen Kommentare tun.

14. Juni 2023

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»A Bit of Fun. A Bit of Truth.«

The extent of (private) media regulation depends on the willingness to trade private for public power. This blogpost takes the Commission's EMFA proposal as an opportunity to question the assumptions about media, markets, and politics behind it. It finds that the Commission’s approach treats private like public media: First, it functionalizes the fundamental rights of private individuals and companies in terms of their public benefit; second, it imagines the conditions of qualitative journalistic work as those of civil servants.

14. Juni 2023

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Without Enforcement, the EMFA is Dead Letter

Besides important substantive provisions, the EMFA proposal contains various mechanisms concerning the role of national regulatory authorities, the newly established European Board for Media Services (Board) and the Commission. However, this blogpost argues that the proposed tools fail to effectively improve the already available enforcement mechanisms in EU law. We offer three recommendations to improve enforcement of media law and policy in the EU, while remaining within the boundaries of the competences as established by the EU Treaties.

13. Juni 2023

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Why the Words „But“ and „However“ Determine the EMFA’s Legal Basis

Enacting a regulation, which is directly applicable throughout the EU, with such a focus would undoubtedly entail a far-reaching interference with the cultural sovereignty of the Member States, documented inter alia in Art. 167(4) TFEU and the Amsterdam Protocol concerning public service broadcasting. This requires a careful concretisation of existing obstacles to the internal market, their actual overcoming by the proposed rules and a consideration of cultural interests and traditions of the Member States. In its current shape, the EMFA, irrespective of its noble goal, does not meet these requirements. Therefore, most of the EMFA’s substantive rules do not solidly rest on a legal basis, making the proposal partly incompatible with Union law.

13. Juni 2023

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