Articles for tag: EuGH, KI, KI-Verordnung, large language models, Urheberrecht

Copyright, AI, and the Future of Internet Search before the CJEU

With Like Company v Google, the first groundbreaking AI copyright case is now headed to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). In this case, a Hungarian press publisher challenges Google and its Gemini chatbot for reproducing and communicating its editorial content without authorisation. The Court’s decision will establish the legal framework for AI’s relationship with copyright and press publishers’ rights across the EU. It will potentially reshape how generative AI systems can or cannot lawfully access, process and reproduce journalistic and other protected content. This may even fundamentally affect the economic and technical architecture of future AI development.

17. Juli 2025

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The GPAI Code of Practice

On 10 July 2025, the European Commission published the final version of its Code of Practice for General-Purpose AI (GPAI) – a voluntary rulebook developed by a group of independent experts and more than 1,400 stakeholders from industry, academia, civil society, and rightsholders. The Code is meant to prepare providers for what’s ahead: it offers a straightforward way to start complying with future obligations under the AI Act. Its success will ultimately depend on whether it manages to reduce compliance burdens and provide legal certainty. Even if not universally adopted, it could still serve as a regulatory benchmark under the AI Act.

16. Juli 2025

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Anatomy of a Fall

On 11 February 2025, the Commission published its 2025 work programme and revealed the likely withdrawal of the Proposal for an Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive (‘AILD proposal’), citing “no foreseeable agreement” among Member States. This blog post highlights the proposed AILD’s main merits and shortcomings and it explores the implications of its likely withdrawal for EU tech regulation by clarifying the interplay between AI liability rules, the AI Act, and the PLD.

6. Mai 2025

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When Guidance Becomes Overreach

From 2 August 2025, providers of so-called “General Purpose AI” (GPAI) models will face far-reaching obligations under the EU’s AI Act. To demonstrate compliance, the AI Act allows providers to rely on a “Code of Practice”, currently being drafted by over 1000 stakeholders under the auspices of the AI Office, and expected to be adopted by the European Commission before August 2025. This post critically examines the third draft of the Code of Practice.

8. April 2025

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Fake oder Fiktion?

KI trennt die Stimme von der Zunge, das Gesicht vom Körper und macht sie zu beweglichen Instrumenten in den Händen anderer. Unsere digitalen Replikate können in lebensechten und doch völlig künstlichen Szenarien eingesetzt werden – sei es in ausgeklügelten Täuschungen oder offen fiktiven Inszenierungen. Beides wird gemeinhin als „Deepfake“ bezeichnet. Nun fordert eine Gruppe von Künstlern ihr generelles Verbot. Das würde zwar Missbrauchsgefahren reduzieren, aber auch den künstlerischen Einsatz der neuen Technik übermäßig stark einschränken. Denn Deepfakes genießen als Kunstwerke den Schutz der Kunstfreiheit.

7. April 2025

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The De-Regulatory Turn of the EU Commission

The current events in the US, especially the takeover of executive branches by the non-elected private citizen Elon Musk, left legal scholars and other constitutional experts in a state of shocked disbelief. From a European perspective, many consider such a development unthinkable. However, we should not be too certain about that. The current decision of the EU Commission to carry out a “de-regulatory turn” illustrates how strongly a technical innovation narrative – one that has contributed to the success of individuals like Musk and their corporate conglomerates – is catching on globally.

18. Februar 2025

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The Looming Enforcement Crisis in European Digital Policy

The EU's push for stronger digital laws to protect fundamental rights and democracy faces significant challenges due to fragmented enforcement and overlapping regulatory responsibilities. This fragmentation risks undermining the core principles of the EU legal order. A more coordinated, rule-of-law-centered enforcement framework is needed to address these tensions and ensure effective implementation of digital laws while safeguarding fundamental rights.

10. Februar 2025

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The Hidden Reach of the EU AI Act

The EU AI Act not only regulates artificial intelligence but also triggers the application of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, embedding EU principles of procedural justice into national administrative law. This development advances the Europeanisation of domestic legal systems and reshapes the balance between EU and national public law in the digital age.

20. Januar 2025

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Regulating AI at Europe’s Borders

How does the EU's AI Act affect migration and border management? This blog examines the critical gaps and challenges posed by the classification of high-risk AI systems, revealing how exceptions and loopholes amplify fundamental rights risks and accountability gaps. The analysis points out the need for stronger oversight and higher standards to protect the rights of individuals affected by AI-driven migration technologies.

13. Dezember 2024

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EU’s AI Act and Migration Control. Shortcomings in Safeguarding Fundamental Rights

In the European Union, AI and non-AI technologies are increasingly being used for border and migration control. In this blog, Brouwer argues that the new AI Act, while adding safeguards, falls short of sufficiently protecting fundamental rights. This is due to its blanket exceptions and broad discretion for national and EU agencies to experiment with AI tools when making decisions about migrants, including asylum seekers and refugees. It is therefore important that the general legal framework on fundamental rights continues to be observed.

12. Dezember 2024

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