Articles for tag: Administrative Law, Chevron, Environmental Protection, EPA, major questions doctrine, Umweltrecht

Slicing Away at Regulatory Statutes

In its June 2023 decision in Sackett v. EPA, the U.S. Supreme Court interpreted the Clean Water Act of 1972 to significantly cut back its water pollution protections and to hand an important victory to private property owners.  Sackett is not simply important for its impact on environmental protection.  Although it may be among the Court’s less visible recent rulings, it follows the Court’s trend of anti-administrativist rulings and may add importantly to the Court’s kit of anti-regulatory interpretive tools.   

5. Oktober 2023

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Environmental Protest and Civil Disobedience in Australia

In Germany, disruptive protest demanding climate change mitigation policies has provoked popular and constitutional discussion. Commentators have questioned whether acts of illegality committed as civil disobedience should be treated distinctly from ‘ordinary’ criminality and punished more leniently. In other parts of the world, however, legislative activity has singled out the illegality involved in civil disobedience to the opposite end. Legislatures have introduced laws that radically increase penalties for existing offences involved in disruptive protest and blockades, conferred new powers on police, and created new offences for previously legal forms of protest. In this post I explore an Australian legislative trend of the last decade that specifically targets environmental civil disobedience by imposing additional criminal penalties upon its exercise. The Australian case study is a cautionary tale of what can follow a failure to recognise democratic value in civil disobedience and treat it with constitutional nuance.

31. Juli 2023

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Strawberry Fields Forever

Reading the brilliant blog post of my colleague Teresa Navarro, one may get the impression that the situation in Doñana is principally the epitome of an ongoing electoral process. However, the threats to the ecological integrity of that unique natural space emanate from the very origins that justified its protection. The current crisis is but the culmination of the constant and serious threats, caused by the proposed bill to legalize new irrigation and aggravated by incompetence and lack of responsibility of the state, regional and local authorities ignoring the requirements of EU law.

16. Mai 2023

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Of Red Fruits and Social Conflict

These days of electoral campaign in Spain, as usual, water is among the current issues. Recently, a controversial proposal by the conservative parties of the Andalusian Parliament aims to re-grant the status of agricultural land to certain land in the vicinity of the Doñana National Park (Huelva, Spain). Doñana suffers a long social conflict triggered by several decisions adopted to protect this singular place. As we will see, this is a clear example of the political use of the tension generated by environmental protection and socio-economic interests, especially in times of elections.

9. Mai 2023

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Rights of Nature Reach Europe

On September 30, 2022, the Spanish Senate approved the "Mar Menor Act" (Law 19/2022) which granted legal personality to the Mar Menor lagoon and its basin. Being the first legal text in Europe to recognize a natural entity as a subject of rights, it is one more piece in the mosaic of a global movement towards ecological justice, which tries to find strong legal answers in times of global ecological crisis. In fact, the Spanish landmark decision follows the precedents of countries such as Colombia, Ecuador, New Zealand, India and the United States. In this context, it is worth asking whether the legal and socio-cultural bases of the concept of the rights of nature, as developed in the aforementioned cases, especially in those stemming from Latin America, are also sustainable in Europe and for the Mar Menor case.

24. Februar 2023

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The Road to Repression

On 2 December 2022, the UN Special Rapporteur Freedom of Association sent a remarkable Tweet. “Australia – ”, the Special Rapporteur tweeted, “I am alarmed at #NSW court’s prison term against #ClimateProtester Deanna Coco and refusal to grant bail until a March 2023 appeal hearing. Peaceful protesters should never be criminalised or imprisoned.” The Special Rapporteur was referring to the arrest of Deanna ‘Violet’ Coco to 15 months in prison with a non-parole period of eight months for blocking one of five lanes of traffic on Sydney Harbour Bridge during a climate change protest for 28 minutes.

20. Dezember 2022

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Die umweltrechtliche Verbandsklage lernt Auto fahren

Der Europäische Gerichtshof hat in der causa Klagebefugnis von Umweltverbänden (wieder einmal) gesprochen. Anerkannten Umweltverbänden darf es demnach nicht unmöglich gemacht werden, EG-Typgenehmigungen des Kraftfahrtbundesamtes gerichtlich überprüfen zu lassen. Das Urteil lehrte der umweltrechtlichen Verbandsklage nun das Autofahren, bereitet ihr aber gleichzeitig den weiteren Weg des Erwachsenwerdens. Denn im Besonderen hat der Gerichtshof über die Justiziabilität der Genehmigung von knapp fünf Millionen Fahrzeugen entschieden. Im Allgemeinen aber über die Justiziabilität sämtlicher staatlicher Entscheidungen, die möglicherweise gegen Umweltrecht verstoßen.

21. November 2022

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Ein ökologischer Verfassungswandel?

Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat am 05. Mai 2022 einen Beschluss veröffentlicht, der einen Verfassungswandel andeutet. Das Klimaschutzziel des Art. 20a GG und der Schutz von Grundrechten vor den Gefahren des Klimawandels erscheinen als Einheit sowohl in den Leitsätzen und in der Begründung. Damit wird noch kein neues Grundrecht geschaffen, doch eine neue Auslegung von Art. 20a GG.

10. Mai 2022

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Gibt Bayern der Natur Rechte?

„Gib der Natur Rechte!“, fordert ein Volksbegehren in Bayern, das natürliche Eigenrechte in die bayerische Landesverfassung aufnehmen möchte. Bayern wäre mit solchen Rechten nicht allein, denn in den letzten Jahren haben zahlreiche Rechtsordnungen Rechte der Natur anerkannt. Für die dringenden ökologischen Fragestellungen unserer Zeit können sich Rechte der Natur als eine wertvolle Chance erweisen.

10. September 2021

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Standing for Piglets

In a non-acceptance order of 14 May 2021, the German Federal Constitutional Court refused to accept a constitutional complaint submitted by the German Branch of the animal rights organization PETA for adjudication. The Constitutional Court missed an opportunity to open the constitution to non-anthropocentric approaches. A constitutional amendment might be necessary to explicitly terminate the long-standing mediatization of the natural environment with its negative consequences for the effectiveness of environmental law and protection.

9. Juni 2021

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