Kindeswohl schlägt Elternrecht

Die Entscheidung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts über die Verfassungsbeschwerden gegen die Auf- und Nachweispflicht von Impfschutz gegen Masern (kurz: „Masernimpfpflicht“) hat – wie schon die Entscheidung über die Eilanträge vor rund zwei Jahren – viel Aufmerksamkeit erregt. Sie ist in den vergangenen Wochen bereits Gegenstand verschiedener Beiträge geworden. Dennoch lohnt sich ein weiterer Blick auf den zuvor mit Spannung erwarteten und kontrovers diskutierten Beschluss, weil die attestierte Verfassungskonformität des § 20 Abs. 8 S. 3 IfSG trotz ausschließlicher Verfügbarkeit von Kombinationsimpfstoffen nicht nur für die Impfpflichtigen selbst von Bedeutung ist. Vielmehr offenbart der Beschluss in diesem Punkt ein (zu?) weites Verständnis der Einschränkbarkeit der elterlichen Gesundheitssorge (Art. 6 Abs. 2 S. 1 GG) zugunsten des Kindeswohls.

Übergewinnsteuer durch die Hintertür

Am 3. September 2022 einigte sich der Koalitionsausschuss auf das dritte Maßnahmenpaket, das mehrere Instrumente enthält, die das Einkommen der Bürger stärken und insbesondere eine bezahlbare Energieversorgung gewährleisten sollen. Hierzu auf eine Strompreisbremse zurückgegriffen, die Privathaushalten einen gewissen Basisverbrauch von Strom zu einem vergünstigten Preis sichern soll. Die dabei entstehenden Kosten sollen gedeckt werden, indem Zufallsgewinne von denjenigen Energieunternehmen abgeschöpft werden, deren Stromproduktion gerade besonders profitabel ist. Durch diese umgekehrte EEG-Umlage wird die Finanzverfassung geschickt umgangen.

Pastorale Agonalität

Das deutsche Staatsoberhaupt ist parteipolitisch neutral. Kommt dies deutschen Bürger:innen wie eine Selbstverständlichkeit vor, ist es doch eine politische Anomalie, die, so ist hinlänglich bekannt, als eine Lehre aus Weimar zu verstehen ist. Da ja vor allem das gesprochene Wort das Instrument des Bundespräsidenten ist, überrascht es nicht, dass Bürger:innen allzu oft mit pastoraler, kirchentagsähnlicher Rhetorik von oben adressiert werden.

Win or Lose, Chile’s Draft Constitution Heralds a New Era of Climate Constitutionalism

On September 4, Chileans will vote on whether to adopt a new constitution. It is a deeply contested election. Polls show that the yes vote is trailing by roughly 10% points, but with over 15% of voters still undecided, as of last week. The debate over the new text has centered on questions of the balance of powers, the autonomy of indigenous people, and the participation of the private sector in the provision of social security, health, and education. But one of the most innovative features of the text is not getting enough attention domestically – its deep engagement with environmentalism, and with climate change in particular.

A Parliament Shaped by the ›Worst Election Law Ever‹

The campaign for the next Italian general election, scheduled for 25 September, is getting into full swing. In the first half of August, party leaders, especially in the left-of-centre political spectrum, entered into negotiations to decide whether or not to make alliances and form coalitions with other parties; by now, the political offer is clearly defined. A decisive factor during these negotiations were the formal and informal constraints set by the current electoral law, also known as Rosato law or Rosatellum. Some of the defining features of the Rosatellum were heavily criticised, and an ever-recurring refrain in centre-left circles and ... continue reading

What Makes Responsible Government Responsible?

How important is it for a Parliament to know which Ministers are appointed to administer which departments? This odd question has been at the centre of a furore in Australia in recent weeks. It has focussed attention on the legal and political requirements for ‘responsible government’, to use the characterisation of the relationship between Crown, Ministers and Parliament that is in common use in parliamentary systems in the British tradition, including those in Australia. It raises some intriguing questions for the construction of the executive chapter of the Australian Constitution, which are all the more important in times of global concern about democratic decline.

The Constitution of What?

On 4 September, the Chilean people will vote on whether a draft constitution, the result of the work of a Constitutional Convention, will replace the current constitution, which dates back to Pinochet’s dictatorship. Chile’s constituent process, one might think, will thus soon be over. The future is less clear. The draft can be understood as as an exercise of social self-constitution. Its feasibility, however, seems to depend on accommodating social pluralism with the opposed logic of the realm of politics and its permanent dynamic of generating a unity that speaks with one voice.

Is Ethnic Gerrymandering a Solution for the Constitutional Impasse?

Christian Schmidt, the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina, had a fit of temper last week. After the draft of the HR's “Decision Enacting the Law on Amendments to the Election Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina” had been leaked to the public, there had been mass demonstrations. What were the reasons and what is the legal and political background for his outrage?

Extradition to Russia from an EU Member State

On 8 August 2022, a Bulgarian Regional Court, acting as a first instance, allowed the extradition of Alexey Alchin, a Russian national, to Russia upon the request of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office. This controversial decision sparked much debate among Bulgarian civil society because Alchin became known for burning his Russian passport at a protest against the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and for maintaining anti-war stances. In the eyes of Bulgarian civil society, the request for his extradition is politically motivated.