Thema: Digitalisierung & Technologie

Verfassungsrecht für digitale Technologien, KI-Governance, Plattformregulierung, digitale Rechte und verfassungsrechtliche Aspekte des technologischen Wandels. Umfasst digitale Grundrechte, Datenschutz als Verfassungsrecht und verfassungsrechtliche Regulierung neuer Technologien.

ByteDance v. Commission

The Digital Markets Act (DMA) is a revolutionary tool to regulate EU digital markets, it complements competition law by imposing ex ante obligations on the largest digital undertakings. The General Court judgement in the ByteDance case was the first test of the limits of this expediated enforcement and resulted in a remarkable win for the Commission. The Court dismissed ByteDance’s appeal against the European Commission’s decision to designate ByteDance with its social network TikTok as gatekeeper under the DMA.

30. Juli 2024

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»Grundgesetz der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft« meets Grundrechte

Wo wirtschaftliche Macht im Wettbewerb missbraucht wird, greift das Kartellrecht ein. Dass der Missbrauch wirtschaftlicher Macht neben Einschränkungen des Wettbewerbs auch zu Grundrechtsverletzungen führen kann, hat im deutschen Kartellrecht bisher selten eine Rolle gespielt. Dennoch hat das Landgericht Düsseldorf in einer aktuellen Entscheidung Grundrechte in die Wertung des Kartellrechts einbezogen – wenig überraschend ging es um Content Moderation. Das ist bemerkenswert und zeigt, dass das Kartellrecht im Rahmen seines Anwendungsbereichs sehr wohl Grundrechten zur Durchsetzung verhelfen kann.

26. Juli 2024

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Proximity, Amicable Settlements, and how the EU Guts GDPR Enforcement

The EU legislator is working on a new Regulation to modify the GDPR. Unfortunately, the reform features deeply troubling elements. It seeks to mainstream a controversial Irish approach to dealing with data protection complaints, namely “amicable settlements” between individuals and digital corporations. Further, and rather problematically, the reform foreshadows the end of the principle of proximity. Gutting – or at least eroding – the proximity principle should ring alarm bells for anyone concerned with effective judicial remedies in the EU.

19. Juli 2024

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Digital News Aggregators, Media Plurality and the Right to Information

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The advent of the digital economy has brought many challenges to traditional business models, leading to new issues that go beyond pure market problems. This is also true for the news media industry since the emergence and rapid expansion of digital platforms like Google and Facebook. While the latter, in contrast to press publishers, do not produce any news content themselves, they have become digital news aggregators and first contact points for readers of online news. In this post, we reflect on the existing approaches towards addressing the bargaining imbalance between press publishers and digital news aggregators. We argue that the most adequate measure in addressing this imbalance would be a regulatory instrument such as a bargaining code.

16. Juli 2024

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On Tables, Markets, and Free Speech

On the surface level, we see private actors exercising more and more power over speech; on a deeper level though, we might be returning to a far older discussion about the interplay of private and public power, and the fate of an individual who lives in the crash zone between them. Given that the result of this clash largely comes down to choosing a proper regulatory policy, this contribution argues that when regulating market-situated speech particular caution should be exercised.

15. Juli 2024

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Regulating the Discursive Power of Big Tech Companies

Big Tech companies have power. One element of this power is discursive power, including in the public sphere, a cornerstone of democratic societies. In the current digitalized society, the public sphere has a significant online component. Discursive power may continue to grow, fuelled by AI developments, unless checked. To shape a possible legal response – we focus on European competition law – requires understanding the complexity of this power. Though competition law is focused on market power, we argue that it can and should have a role to play in curbing discursive power too, despite some inherent limitations.

15. Juli 2024

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Das Aus für Influencer in Uniform?

 „Officer Denny“ darf keinen privaten TikTok-Account betreiben, mit dem er über seinen Alltag als Polizist in der Bundeshauptstadt informiert. Dies hat das VG Berlin im März bestätigt, nachdem der Dienstherr dem Polizeibeamten untersagt hatte, seinen Account weiter zu betreiben. Die nun veröffentlichten Entscheidungsgründe zeigen, dass das Gericht der Argumentation des Dienstherren weitestgehend folgt. Das VG Berlin verpasst aber die Gelegenheit, Meinungsfreiheit und beamtenrechtliche Neutralitätspflicht überzeugend ins Verhältnis zu setzen.

28. Juni 2024

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Deepfakes, the Weaponisation of AI Against Women and Possible Solutions

In January 2024, social media platforms were flooded with intimate images of pop icon Taylor Swift, quickly reaching millions of users. However, the abusive content was not real; they were deepfakes – synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence (AI) to depict a person’s likeness. But the threat goes beyond celebrities. Virtually anyone (with women being disproportionately targeted) can be a victim of non-consensual intimate deepfakes (NCID). Albeit most agree that companies must be held accountable for disseminating potentially extremely harmful content like NCIDs, effective legal responsibility mechanisms remain elusive. This article proposes concrete changes to content moderation rules as well as enhanced liability for AI providers that enable such abusive content in the first place.

3. Juni 2024

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Und (fast) täglich grüßt das Murmeltier

Anfang Mai 2024 deckte eine Investigativrecherche des Bayerischen Rundfunks auf, dass das Bundeskriminalamt offenbar schon im Jahr 2019 heimlich rund fünf Millionen Gesichtsbilder aus dem zentralen polizeilichen Informationssystem INPOL-Z extrahiert und dem Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung zur Verfügung gestellt hat. Immer wieder verkennen die Sicherheitsbehörden die Reichweite der Datenschutz(grund-)rechte oder ignorieren geflissentlich Vorgaben der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts.

31. Mai 2024

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Follow Me to Unregulated Waters!

In this article, I will demonstrate how some major platforms are failing to ​properly ​implement the Digital Service Act's (DSA) rules on notice and action mechanisms. In my view, many platforms are ​unduly ​nudging potential notice-senders to submit weak, largely unregulated Community Standards flags. At the same time, platforms are actively deterring users from submitting (strong) notices regulated under the DSA.

30. Mai 2024