Thema: Grundrechte

Verfassungsrechtlicher Grundrechtsschutz in nationalen Rechtssystemen, einschließlich Freiheitsrechte, Verfahrensrechte und soziale Rechte im Rahmen nationaler Verfassungsordnungen. Umfasst die Verfassungsrechtsprechung zu individuellen Freiheiten, rechtsstaatlichen Garantien und sozioökonomischen Rechten, wie sie von nationalen Verfassungsgerichten geschützt werden.

Wehrpflicht – demnächst auch für Frauen?

Wer glaubte, dass in Deutschland die Wehrpflicht in Friedenszeiten endgültig ausgedient hätte, wird derzeit eines Besseren belehrt. Die Debatte um die Wehrpflicht ist nicht neu. Sie wird aber immer drängender geführt, je länger der Angriffskrieg Russlands auf die Ukraine andauert. Die alte Wehrpflicht will allerdings sowieso kaum einer zurück. Das BMVg prüft deswegen alternative Modelle. Im Fokus steht das schwedische Modell (värnplikt gleich Wehrpflicht). Dessen Übernahme würde allerdings ein Bündel an Verfassungsänderungen erfordern, da es die Wehrpflicht nicht nur auf Frauen erstreckt, sondern auch mit dem Verfassungsgrundsatz der Wehrgerechtigkeit in Konflikt gerät.

8. März 2024

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Bar oder mit Karte?

Mit der sogenannten Bezahlkarte will der Gesetzgeber ein neues Kapitel aufschlagen, um (vermeintlichen) Pull-Faktoren entgegenzuwirken und existenzsichernde Sozialleistungen für Asylsuchende einzuschränken. Dazu hat sich die Bundesregierung letzte Woche darauf verständigt, das Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz zu ändern. Doch einige der aktuell diskutierten Bezahlkartenmodelle werden verfassungsrechtlichen Vorgaben nicht gerecht: Es droht eine Verletzung des Grundrechts auf Gewährleistung eines menschenwürdigen Existenzminimums.

7. März 2024

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No Backdoor for Mass Surveillance

Bulk data retention is the evergreen of European security policy. On February 13, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) – once again – ruled in Podchasov on Russia’s collection of and access to citizens’ private communication. The Court made it clear that weakening the encryption of all citizens cannot be justified. This sends an important message not only to the Russian state, but also to other European governments that contemplate installing “backdoors” on encrypted messenger services like Telegram, Signal or WhatsApp.

29. Februar 2024

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The CJEU’s Feminist Turn?

In Case C-621/21, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) held that women in general and women facing domestic violence in their country of origin in particular, qualify as a protected ‘social group’ under EU Directive 2011/95 and thus avail themselves for refugee status or subsidiary protection in the Common European Asylum System. This contribution applies the perspective of feminist approaches to international law to critically analyze what this decision means for women and victims of gender-based violence – in- and outside of the European Union.

20. Februar 2024

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From the DMCA to the DSA

On 17 February 2024, the Digital Services Act (DSA) became fully applicable in Europe. The DSA's new approach fundamentally reshapes the regulation and liability of platforms in Europe, and promises to have a significant impact in other jurisdictions, like the US, where there are persistent calls for legislative interventions to reign in the power of Big Tech. This symposium brings together a group of renowned European and American scholars to carry an academic transatlantic dialogue on the potential benefits and risks of the EU’s new approach.

19. Februar 2024

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»Rented Uterus« as a Universal Crime

The principle of universal jurisdiction (UJ) has traditionally been grounded in the idea of a collective response to the most heinous crimes on a global scale. Italy, a country that currently lacks universal jurisdiction for international crimes, is amid deliberations on a proposed bill advocating for the use of universal jurisdiction in cases of surrogacy. This analysis contends that the underlying political motive behind this bill is to curb all forms of same-sex parenthood, inadvertently resulting in a criminal law framework that would specifically impact male-gay couples. Secondly, it draws a parallel with “memory law”, illustrating how legal mechanisms initially established in the enthusiasm of the ‘90s are now being repurposed as instruments for divisive political agendas.

15. Februar 2024

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Christine de Pizan

In conversations on missing female voices in the traditional development of international law a repetitive argument given as an explanation for the absence of women as active designers and contributors to international law is that it was simply unusual to find women in certain professions at that time due to the assignment of gender roles and corresponding conduct and activities considered as adequate. There is certainly a great deal of truth in this explanation. Nevertheless, the argument that the absence of women was a normal side effect of the traditional social circumstances at that time could also serve as an excuse to overlook, ignore and make women invisible, who have actually played a crucial role as active designers of the international legal order. One of them is Christine de Pizan.

14. Februar 2024

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Consolidating Group-Based Refugee Protection

Two pending cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) provide an opportunity for the CJEU to consolidate group-based refugee protection. At the heart of the cases is a concern with granting refugee protection to groups of persons based on their inherent characteristics, in this case women and girls from Afghanistan. However, as the joined cases of AH and FN highlight, this is often due to an apprehension amongst asylum decision makers over the grant of protection to large groups of persons based on sex and misconceptions surrounding gender-based violence and discrimination.

12. Februar 2024

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